Avrupa'lilarin Avrasya'liligi ve Otesi

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The evidence of mtDNA haplogroup F in a European population and its ethnohistoric implications

Author: Tolk H-V.[1], Barac L.[2], Pericic M.[2], Klaric I.M.[2], Janicijevic B.[2], Campbell H.[3], Rudan I.[3][4], Kivisild T.[1], Villems R.[1], Rudan P.[2], Correspondence: Pavao Rudan*

[1]Department of Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia,
[2]Institute for Anthropological Research, Amruseva 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
[3]Department of Public Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh Medical School, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Scotland, UK,
[4]School of Public Health "Andrija Stampar", University Medical School, Rockefellerova 4, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia,
[*]Director, Institute for Anthropological Research, Amruseva 8, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. Tel: ++385 1 4816 903; Fax: ++385 1 4813 777; E-mail: pavao.rudan@luka.inantro.hr

Journal: European Journal of Human Genetics, September 2001, vol. 9, no. 9 pp. 717-723
Abstract:


Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism was analysed in a sample of 108 Croatians from the Adriatic Island isolate of Hvar. Besides typically European varieties of human maternal lineages, haplogroup F was found in a considerable frequency (8.3%). This haplogroup is most frequent in southeast Asia but has not been reported before in Europe. The genealogical analysis of haplogroup F cases from Hvar suggested founder effect. Subsequent field work was undertaken to sample and analyse 336 persons from three neighbouring islands (Brac, Korcula and Krk) and 379 more persons from all Croatian mainland counties and to determine if haplogroup F is present in the general population. Only one more case was found in one of the mainland cities, with no known ancestors from Hvar Island. The first published phylogenetic analysis of haplogroup F worldwide is presented, applying the median network method, suggesting several scenarios how this maternal lineage may have been added to the Croatian mtDNA pool. European Journal of Human Genetics (2001) 9, 717–723.

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Am. J. Hum. Genet., 64:817-831, 1999

Ancestral Asian Source(s) of New World Y-Chromosome Founder Haplotypes

T. M. Karafet et al.

"Haplotype 1U, defined by the M9 CG transversion (Underhill et al. 1997),
was found at high frequencies in Asia and Australia, although in Europe
and Africa this haplotype was very rare"

Frequency of 1U in Europeans (Table 1):

Germans 1 of 32
Russians 2 of 30

No other samples with 1U were found in Europe. Frequency of 1U in other
groups (Table 1):

Papua New Guineans 42 of 47
Melanesians 37 of 55
Tundra Netsi 38 of 52
Mongolians 46 of 148
Japanese 54 of 118

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Finike'liler (Lubnan'lilarin atalari , semitik bir dil konusup , yunanlilarin alfabesini kendilerin adapte ettikleri halk) Milattan Once I. yilda Britanya'nin bugunku guney ve Galler bolgesine, bati ve guney Irlanda, Ispanya , Italya , Fransa ve hatta Avrupa'nin daha kuzey bolgelerine ve Anadolu'ya koloniler kurup yerlesmislerdir.